Gas burner



Dec.21,1943. RSHARPER Em 2,337,2 0

GAS BURNER Filed Feb. 3, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Ewe/222755:

ATTORNEYS Patented Dec. 21 1943 GAS BURNER Philip S. Harper and CharlesLamar, Chicago, 111., assignors to Harper-Wyman Company, a corporationof Illinois Application February 3, 1940, Serial No. 317,096

1 Claim.

This invention relates to an improved construction for gas burnersespecially applicable to the type of burner used on domestic gas stoves.

This invention is particularly adapted for burner constructions formedof two metallic parts which, for purposes of this applicat on may bedesignated the base and the burner head, respectively. g

This invention also relates to an improved construction and assembly ofthe base and the burner head, which when held in assembled relationprovide an improved arrangement and construction of burner parts on boththe inside and outs de of the burner which are non-clogging and at thesame time produce a high degree of efficiency when in operation.

As an ancillary advantage of this invention may be mentioned aconstruction which is useful when the base and the burner head are madeof two different metals having different coefiicients of expansion, inwhich case the holding means may be so constructed as to serve tomaintain the head in proper relationship notwithstanding the fact thatthe expansion of the two metal parts is different under the influence ofthe heat produced by the burner. By way of illustration, a burnerconstructed in accordance with this feature of the invention may have abase made of honor other suitable metal and a head made of aluminum orother light material having a different coeflicient of expansion fromthat of the metal of the base.

It is an object of this invention to provide a two-part burner embodyinginner and outer nonclogging burner openings provided by grooves or slotsin one of the two cooperating surfaces of the burner parts and toprovide an improved and novel construction which does not interfere withthe means employedto hold the burner parts together.

It is also an object of this invention to provide a, burner of the typeabove referred towhich may have a central holding means for the burnerparts which is so constructed and arranged that the holding means doesnot interfere with the function of the inner burner and yet both theinner and outer burners are provided with ports of the most efficientconstruction and disposed in the most eflicient locations.. A furtherobject is to provide a. burner having the above described advantages andwhich has the'inner and outer burner openings disposed on upwardlyinclined angles, which results in a more efficient direction of theflame projected therefrom.

It is also an object of this invention to provide a, novel form ofburner having holding means which includes a resilient element,maintained under tension, which serves to hold the burner head inintimate and proper association with the base at all times and under allconditions of expansion of the metal constituting the burner Darts.

This invent on is applicable to burners of various constructions, thatis to say, single burners as well as double burners, the latter of whichmay comprise a simmer burnerin combination with a main burner.

Various other objects and advantages of this invention wh ch will not bespecifically enumerated will be apparent to those skilled in the artfrom the following description of one specific embodiment of theinvention which should he read in connection with the accompanyingdrawings.

In the drawings- Figure l is an elevational view in cross sectionshowing a single burner constructed in accord-' ance with thisinvention.

Figure 2 is a plan view looking down on the top of the burner of Figure1.

Figure 3 is a view of the burner illustrated in Figure 1, taken on theline 33 thereof and looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 4 is a view of the burner shown in Figure 1, taken on the line4-4 and looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 1, showing a modified form of thisinvention.

Figure 6 is a similar view showing a further modification of thisinvention.

Figure 7 is a similar view showing another modification of thisinvention; and

Figure 8 is a similar view showing a still further modification of thisinvention.

By referring to the drawings, it will be noted that the burner whichembodies the invention in the manner illustrated in Figures 1 to 4,inclusive, comprises a base In and a burner head II. The base comprisesa cylindrical or other suitably shaped member made of any suitablematerial, such as iron, steel or the like and which may be formed bycasting, machining or otherwise so as to comprise concentric walls I!and I3 and a bottom wall ll providing a gas chamber l5 and an opencentral core IS. The upper edges of the inner wall B are tapered as atI6, whereas the upper edges of theouter wall I! are tapered as at I1.These tapered walls converge downwardly toward each other and constituteseats for receiving cooperating surfaces on the burner head. The base islikewise provided with an inlet is which may beformed integral orotherwise so as to provide a gas feeding passage to the inner gaschamber i 5. The open core of the base is provided with a. ledge or step20 which serves a function hereinafter more fully" described.

The burner head may be of any suitable construction within the limitshereinafter pointed out. It may be made of aluminum or other suitablemetal and may be formed as a casting or wardly extending annular member26 having a tapered surface 21 adapted to fit onto and cooperate withthe tapered surface l6 of the inner wall of the base. .This taperedsurface 21 may also be provided with a series of notches 28 whichprovide burner openings for the inside K of the burner.

The burner head is open at the center to provide an air passage incommunication with the open central core of the base and across whichextends a holding bar 36 which is clearly shown in Figures 1, 2 and 4.This bar terminates centrally in a depending hub member 3| which isdrilled with anopening 32 and provided with threads 33. This hub mayextend downwardly to any desired extent, but in this illustration it isshown as extending downwardly a slight distance below the lower edge ofthe annular member 26. The threaded opening in the hub is adapted toreceive a holding bolt 34 having a threaded upper end and a non-roundhead 35 at its lower end. This head engages and cooperates with a holder36 which may comprise a pair of superimposed annular members each havinga relatively narrow cross bar which will not unduly block off the airpassage provided by the central open core of the burner base. The shapeand construction of the holder is best shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3. Thisholder may be made of any suitable metal, or it may be made of resilientmaterial so that it can be distorted within its elastic limit. When aspring holder is employed, it may be maintained under initial tensionand serve to yieldingly hold the burner head on the coo erating surfacesof the burner base.

it? pacity to a greater degree and more efiiciently than would bepossible with other types of holders having less conductivity capacity.

In assembling the burner, it is merely necessary to insert a screwthrough the central opening in the holder 36 and 'to insert the holderand screw upwardly through the open central core of the burner base,with the screw projecting centrally therein with its threaded upper enddisposed adjacent the upper edges of the burner base. With the holdingscrew and holder thus inserted, the burner head may then be applied tothe upper portion of the base, with the hub opening 32 in properposition to initiate an engagement of its threads with the threads onthe upper end'of the screw. The head may then be rotated in the properdirection whereby it may be screwed into its final position on theburner base. In cases where the holder is made of spring metal, afterthe head has been seated with its inclined surfaces in engagement,respectively, with the inclined surfaces of the walls I2 and l 3 of thebase, the head may be given an additional turning movement so as totighten the same in its final position and to cause the cross bar of theholder to be slightly bowed upwardly so as to be placed under initialtension.

With this modification, it will thus be apparent that with the theburner parts so mounted and held, the holder 36 serves as a resilientmeans for maintaining the burner head in intimate and proper associationwith the burner base. It will further be apparent that when the burneris in use and the metal parts of the base and head, respectively, areexpanded and contracted under the influence of the heat given off by theburner, that if the burner head expands to a greater extent than thebase, due to a different coefiicient of expansion; the burner head,whether When two annular members with cross bars are used to form theholder 36. they may be so disposed relative to each other as to causethe cross bars to overlie each other. in which case a passage of maximumsize may be provided for the secondary air of combustion passingupwardly to the inner burner openings. Further-- more. by rotating onemember relative to the other, the cross bars may be made to assume aposition such as shown in Fi ures 2 and 3. wherein the cross bars do notoverlap and in this way cut down to a predetermined extent the size ofthe secondary air passage. Thus, by rotating one member relative to theother any desired adiustment of secondary air may be obtained, withinlimits, as desired. It will be a parent that such relative adjustmentmay be made when the head is unscrewed to provide the necessary Ifreedom and thereafter by tightening the head the parts will be securelyheld in any adjusted position. In addition to the foregoing advantagesfor the particular type of holder shown in Figures 1 to 3, may bementioned the fact that the annular rim of the holder provides arelatively large area of engagement with the burner base, whereby alarger amount of heat is conducted to the cross bar into the path of theupwardly flowing secondary air. This aids in cooling the burner base andfunctions in this ca-.

hot or cold, will always be maintained in intimate and properassociation with the base through the yielding action of the holder. Inother words, if through the expansion and contraction of the burnerparts the head should tend to rise or otherwise move away from the base,this tendency will be counteracted by the holder 36 which will draw thebolt 34 and, in turn, the burner head, downwardly so as to at all timesmaintain the intimate and proper association between the parts.

Another advantage of this invention is that the base may be first formedby casting or other suitable practice and then subjected to a machiningoperation whereby the surfaces l6 and I! are formed by a singleoperation. In this way, these surfaces are'brought into properrelationship to each other so as to properly fit the cooperatingsurfaces 24 and 2-1 of the burner head. Similarly, surfaces 24 and 21 ofthe burner head may be machined in a single operation by means of singleor associated machining tools, whereby these surfaces may be accuratelyformed in their proper relationship.

The form of burner having a resilient holder is found to serve well inpractice when the head is made of aluminum and thebase of cast iron, asin all conditions of service the parts of the burner are found to bemaintained in proper operativ association by means of the action of theholder 36. It is to be understood, however, that the invention is not tobe limited to a spring holder, as the objects of the invention arerealized with any other type 'of holder for the holding bolt.

By way of illustration, attention is called to the modifications shownin Figures to 8, in-

clusive, from which it will be noted that all of the constructions thereshown are quite similar to the construction illustrated in Figure 1,with the exception, however, of the holding means employed. Thesemodifications illustrate the [fact that the invention is not limited tothe particular holding-means as any suitable holding means will serve.

, In Figure 5, for instance, instead of'having a detachable holder 36 asillustrated in Figure l, the base is provided with a cross holdingmember 40 which is formed as anintegral part of the burner'base andextends across the central air opening IS. The member 40 is of limitedwidth so that it does not-materially block off the air passage. It isprovided with a central opening 4| which is adapted to accommodate thebolt or holding member 34 which extends upwardly for engagement with thethe same manner as illustrated in burner head in Figure 1.

Figure 6, on the other hand, has an integrally formed cross member 50which, instead of being at the lower ,portion of the burner base, is ata more elevated position so that the holding 25 screw or member 34 is ofshorter length.

In th'emodification shown in Figure 7, a cross member 60 is providedwhich may be formed integrally with the burner base and which isprovided with an integrally formed upstanding stud 5l which may bethreaded and will serve as a substitute for the belt or tie member 34,as shown in Figure 7. It will be apparent from this modification that.the depending hub 3| of the burner head may be screwed directly onto thethreaded stud 6 I.

In the form shown in her 70 is provided which with the burner base; maybe formed as a separate member mounted in the manner shown in Figure 1.It is contemplated that this cross member may be disposed at any desiredposition in the height of the burner base. This member is provided withan opening 1| having threads and is adapted to cooperat for holdingengagement with a stud member 12 which will take the'place of thedepending hub 3| on the burner head. In other words, in this form, thehead is-provided with a male threaded holding part and the burner baseis provided with a cross member having a female threaded opening. g, l

From the above constructions, it. will betapparent that the applicantshave provided a burner which embodies in its construction both inner andouter burner openings of the nonclogging type. These openings resultfrom the slots or grooves in one of the cooperating faces between thehead and the burner base and are non-clogging by virtue of theirconstruction and by virtue of the overhanging ledge provided thereabove.Heretofore, with burners of this character, the central burner openingshave been provided by forming holes through the burner head which, ifplaced in, an efiicient location from the standpoint of combustion andheating, will be subject to clogging. Such constructions have beennecessary due to the lack of a suitable holding means between the headand the base which would combine with the head and base structure insuch a manner as to permit the use of non-clogging inner burneropenings. In other words, in prior constructions of this type, theholding means has been such that the burner openings were not of thenon- Figure 8, a cross memmay be formed integral or, on the other hand,it

clogging type; In the present invention, however, the holding means maybe moved centrally into the axisof the burner and provides asatisfactory connection between the head and the 5 base which is out ofthe way of the inner burner openings and, in fact, does not structurallyinterfere with the means forming such burner openings. Consequently, theinner burner openings can be made of the same character as the outsideburner openings and at the same time be placed at the most eflicientlocation, all of which provides a new and useful combination to form anew and efl'icient burner construction.

It is to be noted that in all forms of this 15 invention the centralholding means on the head is located approximately on the same level asthe inner burner openings and yet, due to the fact that the inner burneropenings are inclined upwardly, the flame which is projected therefromin use does not impinge upon the holding means. This not only avoidsdamage to the holding means but it avoids'as well any interference withthe proper combustion or projection of the flame at the inner burneropenings by the centrally located holding means.

The burner of this invention is not only simple in construction and easyto manufacture, but in addition its easily assembled in a fool-proof,positive way whereby it functions satisfactorily under all conditionsofservice.

The overhanging ledge 23on'the outer edge of the burner protects theouter burner openings 25 from becoming. clogged by falling dirt or othermaterial that may spill from the surface of the stove, whereas theoverhanging portion 55 on the inside opening of the burnerin a similarmanner protects the burner openings on the inside. This is true of boththe single and double burner types.

What is claimed is: A gas burner comprising, in combination, an annularbase having a central air space, inner and outer walls and an annulargas chamber disposed between said inner and outer walls, said inner andouter'walls having inwardly directed upper portions and havingdownwardly converging upper surfaces, and a burner head adapted tocooperate. with said base and having inner and outer downwardlyconverging surfaces formed for cooperative association with said innerand outer surfaces, respectively, of said base, one of the surfaces ofeach cooperating pair of surfaces being notched to form, respectively,an outer series of burner openings extending angularly upwardly andoutwardly andan inner series of burner openings extending angularlyupwardly and inwardly, the burner openings of each of said inner andouter series having their inner ends terminating at-the inner edges ofsaid in wardly directed upper portions of the gas chamber wallassociated with said series, respectively, so as to provide increasedlength for each of said burner openings sufficient to preventflash-backunder normal operating conditions without increasing the overalldimension of said burner, and the inner ends of said inner series ofburner openings being disposed below the inner ends of said outer seriesof burner openings an amount suflicient to permit each series of burneropenings to drawgas, respectively, from vertically spaced regions withinsaid gas chamber.

PHILIP S. HARPER. CHARLES LAMAR...

